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Azerbaijan is surrounded by the Greater Caucasus Mountains in the north, by Alagoz ranges in the west including Gokche Lake and Eastern Anatolia as well, Caspian Sea in the east and Sultaniye-Zenjan- Hamadan frontiers in the south. Azerbaijan is one of the oldest spots of civilization, a country with a …

1 million 500 thousand – 1 million 200 thousand years ago – much more initial traces of primary human in the territory of Azerbaijan. Guruchay culture. 1 million 200 thousand – 1 million years BC – the beginning of primary human – beings settling in Azikh cave. 400-350 thousand years …

The restoration of state independence of Azerbaijan shaped opportunities for intensive development of culture, formation of national ideology and extension of international connections. There began acting “Permanent Soviet of the Ministers of Culture of Turkish- spoken countries” in the mid of 1992, its executive organ- “Turksoy” in 1993. In 1996, …

After great historical individual as Heydar Aliyev, who succeeded stability in internal life and realized exact foreign political strategy, at the result of which Azerbaijan achieved high-level development of economy, policy, science and culture there was not easy to become the leader of the State. This mission could be continued …

Despite all the difficulties, the processes of construction of a democratic state and civil society in the country went on with a quickened tempo. There was organized the commission under the chair of President for preparation of the first constitution of independent Azerbaijan state. This commission prepared the project of …

The proclamation of the independence of Azerbaijan confronted with different processes, shaped at the result of the collapse of USSR in the region and all over the world. Essential changes in political and economic system, attempts of certain powers to preserve Azerbaijan in dependant condition as it was before, the …

In the mid of 80’s of the 20th century there lasted difficult circumstances in the economic and social life of USSR, which ended with the collapse at that period. There were laid down objective and subjective reasons, important internal and foreign factors on the ground of economic, political and ideological …

There was intensified the development of enlightenment and science, literature and art in Azerbaijan in these years. There was applied compulsory 7 years education in 1949, and 8 years education in 1959. There was opened Baku Theatre University (contemporary University of Culture and Art) in 1945, pedagogical Institute of Foreign …

In the post-war period, the influence of Soviet empire strengthened in all over the world. It turned into powerful military-political force – to the state, which possessed nurclear weapon. Socialist system extended and strengthened under its authority. All of these became possible thanks to the strengthening of totalitarian regime and …

The World War II influenced to the socio-political life of Iran, as well as Southern Azerbaijan. Although during the World War II Iran officially declared about its neutrality, administrative circles under the leadership of Rza Shah turned the country into the area of activity of German intelligence organs. But the …