Azerbaijan

Russian-Turkish treaty of 1724, shaped very difficult circumstances in Azerbaijan. North Azerbaijan was divided between Russia and Turkey and South one-between Russia, Turkey and Persia. In all areas, where appaired the Ottoman troops, only civil population-raiyat and urban poors resisted them. Turkish government used from the aid of local feudals …

At the beginning of the 18th century, the Safavids state was ruled by Shah Sultan Hussein (1694-1722), and the state was in economic and political crisis. The state Treasury was devastated so that the coins were prepared from valuable metals, which were preserved in the mausoleums of Ardebil. Due to …

The establishment of Safavids state and the shape of stable socio- political situation, assisted not only to economic development, but also to the growth of cultural life and science of the country. Literature creators and art people were specially protected by Shah Ismail I. There lived and created such poets, …

Natural industry developed/increased in Azerbaijan villages in 17th century. Along with this, village sthat were located near cities were engaged in trade, which gave chance to peasants to pay their taxes not only with natural means, but also with money. So that, rural locations entered to new economic relations as …

At the beginning of the 17th century, when Azerbaijan nation conducted struggle against Turks, the Ottoman Empire were in the period of economic and socio-political crisis. The power of Ottomans weakened in Azerbaijan at that time and the Safavids state under the reign of Shah Abbas I gradually strengthened. Shah …

When Shah Abbas I came to the throne in 1587 (he was called the “Great” later), the internal situation of Safavids state was hard as the foreign political circumstances. Chukhur-Saad, Shirvan, Azerbaijan and Western environs of Iran had been conquered by Ottomans. The troops of Uzbek Sheybanids occupied approximately whole …

The occupation by the Ottoman empire in Azerbaijan lasted a little bit more that ten years, but as a result of hostilities and occupation, the country was destroyed; so that, the Ottoman authority could not collect necessary means for their troops and administrative office from the population. Socio-economic life in …

In 16th century, Azerbaijan conducted trade with Russia, European and Asian countries. Major place in trade belonged to raw silk, which was produced from profusion. Main centres of silkworm breeding were Aresh, Shamakha, Ganja and Culfa. There were exported clothes, carpets, dry fruits, oil, salt, saffroon, rice, coloured items, gun …

The influence of these political events to the circumstance of producing forces, first of all, to the condition of urban economy was great. None of the essential cities of Azerbaijan, besides of Ardebil, which had not been captured by Turkish troops, could not escape from heavy results of these wars. …

Related with the extended diplomatic and trade ties of Safavids state with foreign states in 16th-17th centuries, there were kept a lot of letters of European travelers, merchants, diplomats and Christian missioners, who visited Azerbaijan and its neighbourhood countries. More detailed evidences gave: Italians- anonym merchant, M.Mambre, V.Alessandry, Dj, Veketti; …